{
 "name": "Who owns a company archive, and where it goes at closure",
 "title": "Who owns a company archive, and where it goes at closure",
 "kind": "terms-board",
 "url": "https://sellcompanyarchivetoai.com/datasets/company-archive-ownership-law/",
 "csv": "https://sellcompanyarchivetoai.com/datasets/company-archive-ownership-law.csv",
 "markdown": "https://sellcompanyarchivetoai.com/datasets/company-archive-ownership-law/index.md",
 "computed_at": "2026-10-28",
 "license": "https://sellcompanyarchivetoai.com/terms",
 "headline": "18 US and UK rules on who owns what a company archive holds and what becomes of it when the company closes, each quoted from the statute, read 28 October 2026.",
 "quotes": [
  "18 US and UK rules on who owns what a company archive holds and what becomes of it when the company closes, each quoted from the statute, read 28 October 2026.",
  "Whose law it is, by rule: the United Kingdom 10 of 18, the United States 7 of 18, Delaware 1 of 18 (18 rules, read 28 October 2026).",
  "When the rule bites, by rule: the company is dissolved 5 of 18, a work or database made by staff 5 of 18, the company is insolvent or bankrupt 2 of 18, not stated 2 of 18, how long the right lasts 2 of 18, a transfer of the rights 2 of 18 (18 rules, read 28 October 2026).",
  "Who it says holds the archive, by rule: not stated 6 of 18, the company 6 of 18, whoever the rights are assigned to in writing 2 of 18, the Crown 2 of 18, the author, unless agreed otherwise 1 of 18, the bankruptcy estate or the office-holder 1 of 18 (18 rules, read 28 October 2026).",
  "The rule, in its own words, by rule: stated 18 of 18 (18 rules, read 28 October 2026)."
 ],
 "citation": "\"Who owns a company archive, and where it goes at closure\", updated 2026-10-28, https://sellcompanyarchivetoai.com/datasets/company-archive-ownership-law/.",
 "national": {
  "n": 18,
  "unit": "rules",
  "documents": 19,
  "published_sources": 18,
  "named_sources": 19
 },
 "board": {
  "type": "clauses",
  "noun": {
   "one": "rule",
   "many": "rules"
  },
  "document": {
   "one": "page",
   "many": "pages"
  },
  "fields": [
   {
    "id": "jurisdiction",
    "label": "Whose law it is",
    "counts": {
     "us": 7,
     "gb": 10,
     "us-de": 1
    },
    "values": [
     {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States"
     },
     {
      "value": "us-de",
      "text": "Delaware"
     },
     {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom"
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "id": "event",
    "label": "When the rule bites",
    "counts": {
     "insolvency": 2,
     "made-by-staff": 5,
     "not-stated": 2,
     "transfer": 2,
     "term": 2,
     "dissolution": 5
    },
    "values": [
     {
      "value": "made-by-staff",
      "text": "a work or database made by staff"
     },
     {
      "value": "transfer",
      "text": "a transfer of the rights"
     },
     {
      "value": "term",
      "text": "how long the right lasts"
     },
     {
      "value": "dissolution",
      "text": "the company is dissolved"
     },
     {
      "value": "insolvency",
      "text": "the company is insolvent or bankrupt"
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "id": "owner",
    "label": "Who it says holds the archive",
    "counts": {
     "the-estate": 1,
     "not-stated": 6,
     "the-author": 1,
     "the-company": 6,
     "the-assignee": 2,
     "the-crown": 2
    },
    "values": [
     {
      "value": "the-company",
      "text": "the company"
     },
     {
      "value": "the-crown",
      "text": "the Crown"
     },
     {
      "value": "the-estate",
      "text": "the bankruptcy estate or the office-holder"
     },
     {
      "value": "the-author",
      "text": "the author, unless agreed otherwise"
     },
     {
      "value": "the-assignee",
      "text": "whoever the rights are assigned to in writing"
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "id": "rule",
    "label": "The rule, in its own words",
    "counts": {
     "stated": 18
    },
    "values": [
     {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "stated"
     }
    ],
    "clause": true
   }
  ],
  "lead": {
   "type": "count",
   "field": null,
   "value": null,
   "n": 18,
   "of": 18,
   "label": "US and UK rules on who owns a company archive"
  },
  "vendors": [
   {
    "name": "11 U.S.C. 541 (property of the bankruptcy estate)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "11 U.S. Code § 541 - Property of the estate"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "insolvency",
      "text": "the company is insolvent or bankrupt",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
        "value": "insolvency",
        "quote": "(a)The commencement of a case under section 301, 302, or 303 of this title creates an estate. Such estate is comprised of all the following property, wherever located and by whomever held:"
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-estate",
      "text": "the bankruptcy estate or the office-holder",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
        "value": "the-estate",
        "quote": "(a)The commencement of a case under section 301, 302, or 303 of this title creates an estate. Such estate is comprised of all the following property, wherever located and by whomever held:"
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "(1)Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c)(2) of this section, all legal or…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "(1)Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c)(2) of this section, all legal or equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the case."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "17 U.S.C. 101 (definition of work made for hire)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 101 - Definitions | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "made-by-staff",
      "text": "a work or database made by staff",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
        "value": "made-by-staff",
        "quote": "(1) a work prepared by an employee within the scope of his or her employment; or"
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "(1) a work prepared by an employee within the scope of his or her employment; or",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "(1) a work prepared by an employee within the scope of his or her employment; or"
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "17 U.S.C. 201(a) (initial ownership)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 201 - Ownership of copyright | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-author",
      "text": "the author, unless agreed otherwise",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
        "value": "the-author",
        "quote": "Copyright in a work protected under this title vests initially in the author or authors of the work."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "Copyright in a work protected under this title vests initially in the author or authors…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "Copyright in a work protected under this title vests initially in the author or authors of the work."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "17 U.S.C. 201(b) (works made for hire, Copyright Office text)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17) Chapter 2"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "made-by-staff",
      "text": "a work or database made by staff",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
        "value": "made-by-staff",
        "quote": "(b) Works Made for Hire.—In the case of a work made for hire, the employer or other person for whom the work was prepared is considered the author for purposes of this title, and, unless the parties have expressly agreed otherwise in a written instrument signed by them, owns all of the rights comprised in the copyright."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-company",
      "text": "the company",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
        "value": "the-company",
        "quote": "(b) Works Made for Hire.—In the case of a work made for hire, the employer or other person for whom the work was prepared is considered the author for purposes of this title, and, unless the parties have expressly agreed otherwise in a written instrument signed by them, owns all of the rights comprised in the copyright."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "(b) Works Made for Hire.…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "(b) Works Made for Hire.—In the case of a work made for hire, the employer or other person for whom the work was prepared is considered the author for purposes of this title, and, unless the parties have expressly agreed otherwise in a written instrument signed by them, owns all of the rights comprised in the copyright."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "17 U.S.C. 204(a) (transfers in writing)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 204 - Execution of transfers of copyright ownership | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "transfer",
      "text": "a transfer of the rights",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
        "value": "transfer",
        "quote": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an instrument of conveyance, or a note or memorandum of the transfer, is in writing and signed by the owner of the rights conveyed or such owner’s duly authorized agent."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-assignee",
      "text": "whoever the rights are assigned to in writing",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
        "value": "the-assignee",
        "quote": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an instrument of conveyance, or a note or memorandum of the transfer, is in writing and signed by the owner of the rights conveyed or such owner’s duly authorized agent."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an instrument of conveyance, or a note or memorandum of the transfer, is in writing and signed by the owner of the rights conveyed or such owner’s duly authorized agent."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17) Chapter 3"
       },
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 302 - Duration of copyright: Works created on or after January 1, 1978"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "term",
      "text": "how long the right lasts",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
        "value": "term",
        "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first."
       },
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
        "value": "term",
        "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       },
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first."
       },
       {
        "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
        "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Bona Vacantia Division (Treasury Solicitor)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
        "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "The Treasury Solicitor acts for the Crown to administer the estates of people who die intestate (without a Will) and without known kin (entitled blood relatives) and collect the assets of dissolved companies and other various ownerless goods in England and Wales."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "dissolution",
      "text": "the company is dissolved",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
        "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
        "value": "dissolution",
        "quote": "The Treasury Solicitor acts for the Crown to administer the estates of people who die intestate (without a Will) and without known kin (entitled blood relatives) and collect the assets of dissolved companies and other various ownerless goods in England and Wales."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-crown",
      "text": "the Crown",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
        "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
        "value": "the-crown",
        "quote": "‘Bona Vacantia’ means vacant goods and is the name given to ownerless property, which by law passes to the Crown."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "‘Bona Vacantia’ means vacant goods and is the name given to ownerless property, which by…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
        "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "‘Bona Vacantia’ means vacant goods and is the name given to ownerless property, which by law passes to the Crown."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "CDPA 1988 s11 (first ownership, employer)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Section 11."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "made-by-staff",
      "text": "a work or database made by staff",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
        "value": "made-by-staff",
        "quote": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer is the first owner of any copyright in the work subject to any agreement to the contrary."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-company",
      "text": "the company",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
        "value": "the-company",
        "quote": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer is the first owner of any copyright in the work subject to any agreement to the contrary."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer is the first owner of any copyright in the work subject to any agreement to the contrary."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "CDPA 1988 s3A (databases)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Section 3A."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "For the purposes of this Part a literary work consisting of a database is original if…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "For the purposes of this Part a literary work consisting of a database is original if, and only if, by reason of the selection or arrangement of the contents of the database the database constitutes the author’s own intellectual creation."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "CDPA 1988 s90 (assignment in writing)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Section 90."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "transfer",
      "text": "a transfer of the rights",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
        "value": "transfer",
        "quote": "Copyright is transmissible by assignment, by testamentary disposition or by operation of law, as personal or moveable property."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-assignee",
      "text": "whoever the rights are assigned to in writing",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
        "value": "the-assignee",
        "quote": "An assignment of copyright is not effective unless it is in writing signed by or on behalf of the assignor."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "An assignment of copyright is not effective unless it is in writing signed by or on…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "An assignment of copyright is not effective unless it is in writing signed by or on behalf of the assignor."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Companies Act 2006 s1012 (bona vacantia)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1012",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "Companies Act 2006, Section 1012 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 28 October 2026."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "dissolution",
      "text": "the company is dissolved",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1012",
        "value": "dissolution",
        "quote": "When a company is dissolved, all property and rights whatsoever vested in or held on trust for the company immediately before its dissolution (including leasehold property, but not including property held by the company on trust for another person) are deemed to be bona vacantia and—"
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-crown",
      "text": "the Crown",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1012",
        "value": "the-crown",
        "quote": "accordingly belong to the Crown, or to the Duchy of Lancaster or to the Duke of Cornwall for the time being (as the case may be), and"
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "When a company is dissolved, all property and rights whatsoever vested in or held on……",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1012",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "When a company is dissolved, all property and rights whatsoever vested in or held on trust for the company immediately before its dissolution (including leasehold property, but not including property held by the company on trust for another person) are deemed to be bona vacantia and—"
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Companies Act 2006 s1029 (restoration application)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1029",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "Companies Act 2006, Section 1029 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 28 October 2026."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "dissolution",
      "text": "the company is dissolved",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1029",
        "value": "dissolution",
        "quote": "An application may be made to the court to restore to the register a company—"
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1029",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "An application may be made to the court to restore to the register a company…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1029",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "An application may be made to the court to restore to the register a company—"
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Companies Act 2006 s1032 (effect of restoration)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "Companies Act 2006, Section 1032 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 28 October 2026."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "dissolution",
      "text": "the company is dissolved",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
        "value": "dissolution",
        "quote": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the company is deemed to have continued in existence as if it had not been dissolved or struck off the register."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-company",
      "text": "the company",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
        "value": "the-company",
        "quote": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the company is deemed to have continued in existence as if it had not been dissolved or struck off the register."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the company is deemed to have continued in existence as if it had not been dissolved or struck off the register."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 14 (maker, employer)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for The Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, Section 14."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "made-by-staff",
      "text": "a work or database made by staff",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
        "value": "made-by-staff",
        "quote": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer shall be regarded as the maker of the database, subject to any agreement to the contrary."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-company",
      "text": "the company",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
        "value": "the-company",
        "quote": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer shall be regarded as the maker of the database, subject to any agreement to the contrary."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer shall be regarded as the maker of the database, subject to any agreement to the contrary."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 17 (15-year term)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 17",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/17",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for The Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, Section 17."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "term",
      "text": "how long the right lasts",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 17",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/17",
        "value": "term",
        "quote": "17.—(1) Database right in a database expires at the end of the period of fifteen years from the end of the calendar year in which the making of the database was completed."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 17",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/17",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "17.…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 17",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/17",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "17.—(1) Database right in a database expires at the end of the period of fifteen years from the end of the calendar year in which the making of the database was completed."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Delaware 8 Del. C. 278 (continuation after dissolution)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us-de",
      "text": "Delaware",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
        "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
        "value": "us-de",
        "quote": "Subchapter X. Sale of Assets, Dissolution and Winding Up"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "dissolution",
      "text": "the company is dissolved",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
        "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
        "value": "dissolution",
        "quote": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved, shall nevertheless be continued, for the term of 3 years from such expiration or dissolution or for such longer period as the Court of Chancery shall in its discretion direct, bodies corporate for the purpose of prosecuting and defending suits, whether civil, criminal or administrative, by or against them, and of enabling them gradually to settle and close their business, to dispose of and convey their property, to discharge their liabilities and to distribute to their stockholders any remaining assets, but not for the purpose of continuing the business for which the corporation was organized."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-company",
      "text": "the company",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
        "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
        "value": "the-company",
        "quote": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved, shall nevertheless be continued, for the term of 3 years from such expiration or dissolution or for such longer period as the Court of Chancery shall in its discretion direct, bodies corporate for the purpose of prosecuting and defending suits, whether civil, criminal or administrative, by or against them, and of enabling them gradually to settle and close their business, to dispose of and convey their property, to discharge their liabilities and to distribute to their stockholders any remaining assets, but not for the purpose of continuing the business for which the corporation was organized."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
        "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved, shall nevertheless be continued, for the term of 3 years from such expiration or dissolution or for such longer period as the Court of Chancery shall in its discretion direct, bodies corporate for the purpose of prosecuting and defending suits, whether civil, criminal or administrative, by or against them, and of enabling them gradually to settle and close their business, to dispose of and convey their property, to discharge their liabilities and to distribute to their stockholders any remaining assets, but not for the purpose of continuing the business for which the corporation was organized."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "Insolvency Act 1986 s436 (meaning of property)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "gb",
      "text": "the United Kingdom",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
        "value": "gb",
        "quote": "Insolvency Act 1986, Section 436 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 07 October 2026."
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "insolvency",
      "text": "the company is insolvent or bankrupt",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
        "value": "insolvency",
        "quote": "in winding up, the liquidator of an insolvent partnership or corporate member; and"
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "not-stated",
      "text": "not stated",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
        "value": "not-stated",
        "quote": ""
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "includes money, goods, things in action, land and every description of property wherever…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
        "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "includes money, goods, things in action, land and every description of property wherever situated and also obligations and every description of interest, whether present or future or vested or contingent, arising out of, or incidental to, property;"
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   },
   {
    "name": "US Copyright Office Circular 30 (works made for hire)",
    "answers": {
     "jurisdiction": {
      "value": "us",
      "text": "the United States",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
        "value": "us",
        "quote": "To register a work with the U.S. Copyright Office, you gener -"
       }
      ]
     },
     "event": {
      "value": "made-by-staff",
      "text": "a work or database made by staff",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
        "value": "made-by-staff",
        "quote": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or commissioned that work is the initial owner of the copyright in the work unless the employer or the commissioning party has signed a written agreement to the contrary with the work’s creator."
       }
      ]
     },
     "owner": {
      "value": "the-company",
      "text": "the company",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
        "value": "the-company",
        "quote": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or commissioned that work is the initial owner of the copyright in the work unless the employer or the commissioning party has signed a written agreement to the contrary with the work’s creator."
       }
      ]
     },
     "rule": {
      "value": "stated",
      "text": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or…",
      "documents": [
       {
        "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
        "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
        "value": "stated",
        "quote": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or commissioned that work is the initial owner of the copyright in the work unless the employer or the commissioning party has signed a written agreement to the contrary with the work’s creator."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   }
  ]
 },
 "subject_kind": "rule",
 "rows": [
  {
   "subject": "11 U.S.C. 541 (property of the bankruptcy estate)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
   "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "11 U.S. Code § 541 - Property of the estate",
   "text_sha256": "b1ec269d0f8e05e3f14b550bd140f2d2a76b15b5a8fb87b22e775a8e76dbf9e4"
  },
  {
   "subject": "11 U.S.C. 541 (property of the bankruptcy estate)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
   "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "insolvency",
   "answer_text": "the company is insolvent or bankrupt",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "(a)The commencement of a case under section 301, 302, or 303 of this title creates an estate. Such estate is comprised of all the following property, wherever located and by whomever held:",
   "text_sha256": "b1ec269d0f8e05e3f14b550bd140f2d2a76b15b5a8fb87b22e775a8e76dbf9e4"
  },
  {
   "subject": "11 U.S.C. 541 (property of the bankruptcy estate)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
   "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-estate",
   "answer_text": "the bankruptcy estate or the office-holder",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "(a)The commencement of a case under section 301, 302, or 303 of this title creates an estate. Such estate is comprised of all the following property, wherever located and by whomever held:",
   "text_sha256": "b1ec269d0f8e05e3f14b550bd140f2d2a76b15b5a8fb87b22e775a8e76dbf9e4"
  },
  {
   "subject": "11 U.S.C. 541 (property of the bankruptcy estate)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/541",
   "document": "11 U.S. Code 541, Property of the estate (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "(1)Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c)(2) of this section, all legal or…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "(1)Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c)(2) of this section, all legal or equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the case.",
   "text_sha256": "b1ec269d0f8e05e3f14b550bd140f2d2a76b15b5a8fb87b22e775a8e76dbf9e4"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 101 (definition of work made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-03",
   "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 101 - Definitions | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute",
   "text_sha256": "60dcfb43762ed45147929d0140eadffbd82ff767734793408a6790895e06e2c1"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 101 (definition of work made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "made-by-staff",
   "answer_text": "a work or database made by staff",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-03",
   "quote": "(1) a work prepared by an employee within the scope of his or her employment; or",
   "text_sha256": "60dcfb43762ed45147929d0140eadffbd82ff767734793408a6790895e06e2c1"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 101 (definition of work made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "not-stated",
   "answer_text": "not stated",
   "status": "not-stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-03",
   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-03, 63,594 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "60dcfb43762ed45147929d0140eadffbd82ff767734793408a6790895e06e2c1"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 101 (definition of work made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 101, Definitions (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "(1) a work prepared by an employee within the scope of his or her employment; or",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-03",
   "quote": "(1) a work prepared by an employee within the scope of his or her employment; or",
   "text_sha256": "60dcfb43762ed45147929d0140eadffbd82ff767734793408a6790895e06e2c1"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(a) (initial ownership)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 201 - Ownership of copyright | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute",
   "text_sha256": "cab0c9c7ed3688beed0db73f0c5c58c3a4f0fda472de9440566080dd0a562afd"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(a) (initial ownership)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "not-stated",
   "answer_text": "not stated",
   "status": "not-stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-08, 21,269 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "cab0c9c7ed3688beed0db73f0c5c58c3a4f0fda472de9440566080dd0a562afd"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(a) (initial ownership)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-author",
   "answer_text": "the author, unless agreed otherwise",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "Copyright in a work protected under this title vests initially in the author or authors of the work.",
   "text_sha256": "cab0c9c7ed3688beed0db73f0c5c58c3a4f0fda472de9440566080dd0a562afd"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(a) (initial ownership)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 201, Ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "Copyright in a work protected under this title vests initially in the author or authors…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "Copyright in a work protected under this title vests initially in the author or authors of the work.",
   "text_sha256": "cab0c9c7ed3688beed0db73f0c5c58c3a4f0fda472de9440566080dd0a562afd"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(b) (works made for hire, Copyright Office text)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17) Chapter 2",
   "text_sha256": "2544f1ba58db91169566d33e90b325f88966edd64a51d49edacf1380f2047225"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(b) (works made for hire, Copyright Office text)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "made-by-staff",
   "answer_text": "a work or database made by staff",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "(b) Works Made for Hire.—In the case of a work made for hire, the employer or other person for whom the work was prepared is considered the author for purposes of this title, and, unless the parties have expressly agreed otherwise in a written instrument signed by them, owns all of the rights comprised in the copyright.",
   "text_sha256": "2544f1ba58db91169566d33e90b325f88966edd64a51d49edacf1380f2047225"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(b) (works made for hire, Copyright Office text)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-company",
   "answer_text": "the company",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "(b) Works Made for Hire.—In the case of a work made for hire, the employer or other person for whom the work was prepared is considered the author for purposes of this title, and, unless the parties have expressly agreed otherwise in a written instrument signed by them, owns all of the rights comprised in the copyright.",
   "text_sha256": "2544f1ba58db91169566d33e90b325f88966edd64a51d49edacf1380f2047225"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 201(b) (works made for hire, Copyright Office text)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 2",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "(b) Works Made for Hire.…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "(b) Works Made for Hire.—In the case of a work made for hire, the employer or other person for whom the work was prepared is considered the author for purposes of this title, and, unless the parties have expressly agreed otherwise in a written instrument signed by them, owns all of the rights comprised in the copyright.",
   "text_sha256": "2544f1ba58db91169566d33e90b325f88966edd64a51d49edacf1380f2047225"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 204(a) (transfers in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 204 - Execution of transfers of copyright ownership | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute",
   "text_sha256": "a6a7fe3feb2fbdcfd15c378984f41344ff46c9a49c7867ee02d9aad8e3de488b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 204(a) (transfers in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "transfer",
   "answer_text": "a transfer of the rights",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an instrument of conveyance, or a note or memorandum of the transfer, is in writing and signed by the owner of the rights conveyed or such owner’s duly authorized agent.",
   "text_sha256": "a6a7fe3feb2fbdcfd15c378984f41344ff46c9a49c7867ee02d9aad8e3de488b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 204(a) (transfers in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-assignee",
   "answer_text": "whoever the rights are assigned to in writing",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an instrument of conveyance, or a note or memorandum of the transfer, is in writing and signed by the owner of the rights conveyed or such owner’s duly authorized agent.",
   "text_sha256": "a6a7fe3feb2fbdcfd15c378984f41344ff46c9a49c7867ee02d9aad8e3de488b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 204(a) (transfers in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 204, Execution of transfers of copyright ownership (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an instrument of conveyance, or a note or memorandum of the transfer, is in writing and signed by the owner of the rights conveyed or such owner’s duly authorized agent.",
   "text_sha256": "a6a7fe3feb2fbdcfd15c378984f41344ff46c9a49c7867ee02d9aad8e3de488b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17) Chapter 3",
   "text_sha256": "dc03095974220a2b3898c6791cec72f864c7520f4482139207068e17d91f8bfe"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "term",
   "answer_text": "how long the right lasts",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first.",
   "text_sha256": "dc03095974220a2b3898c6791cec72f864c7520f4482139207068e17d91f8bfe"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "not-stated",
   "answer_text": "not stated",
   "status": "not-stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-27, 23,348 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "dc03095974220a2b3898c6791cec72f864c7520f4482139207068e17d91f8bfe"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
   "document": "Copyright Law of the United States, Title 17 chapter 3",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first.",
   "text_sha256": "dc03095974220a2b3898c6791cec72f864c7520f4482139207068e17d91f8bfe"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "17 U.S. Code § 302 - Duration of copyright: Works created on or after January 1, 1978",
   "text_sha256": "54c30bfe49956e6cec792e0b04a77e9924d179d3d712f4dfdbc44abd9598483a"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "term",
   "answer_text": "how long the right lasts",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first.",
   "text_sha256": "54c30bfe49956e6cec792e0b04a77e9924d179d3d712f4dfdbc44abd9598483a"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "not-stated",
   "answer_text": "not stated",
   "status": "not-stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-27, 3,861 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "54c30bfe49956e6cec792e0b04a77e9924d179d3d712f4dfdbc44abd9598483a"
  },
  {
   "subject": "17 U.S.C. 302(c) (term for works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/302",
   "document": "17 U.S. Code 302, Duration of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, the copyright endures for a term of 95 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 120 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first.",
   "text_sha256": "54c30bfe49956e6cec792e0b04a77e9924d179d3d712f4dfdbc44abd9598483a"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Bona Vacantia Division (Treasury Solicitor)",
   "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
   "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "The Treasury Solicitor acts for the Crown to administer the estates of people who die intestate (without a Will) and without known kin (entitled blood relatives) and collect the assets of dissolved companies and other various ownerless goods in England and Wales.",
   "text_sha256": "a583240ef31efbd1c5146a67d44684f4022f30d940ed4096cf93d1bac9299157"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Bona Vacantia Division (Treasury Solicitor)",
   "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
   "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "dissolution",
   "answer_text": "the company is dissolved",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "The Treasury Solicitor acts for the Crown to administer the estates of people who die intestate (without a Will) and without known kin (entitled blood relatives) and collect the assets of dissolved companies and other various ownerless goods in England and Wales.",
   "text_sha256": "a583240ef31efbd1c5146a67d44684f4022f30d940ed4096cf93d1bac9299157"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Bona Vacantia Division (Treasury Solicitor)",
   "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
   "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-crown",
   "answer_text": "the Crown",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "‘Bona Vacantia’ means vacant goods and is the name given to ownerless property, which by law passes to the Crown.",
   "text_sha256": "a583240ef31efbd1c5146a67d44684f4022f30d940ed4096cf93d1bac9299157"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Bona Vacantia Division (Treasury Solicitor)",
   "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
   "document": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia organisation page",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "‘Bona Vacantia’ means vacant goods and is the name given to ownerless property, which by…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "‘Bona Vacantia’ means vacant goods and is the name given to ownerless property, which by law passes to the Crown.",
   "text_sha256": "a583240ef31efbd1c5146a67d44684f4022f30d940ed4096cf93d1bac9299157"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s11 (first ownership, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Section 11.",
   "text_sha256": "e1b10366ea7821c3e9f50c97ec3bb359eab602e47d2d5704f25ace3596269c92"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s11 (first ownership, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "made-by-staff",
   "answer_text": "a work or database made by staff",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer is the first owner of any copyright in the work subject to any agreement to the contrary.",
   "text_sha256": "e1b10366ea7821c3e9f50c97ec3bb359eab602e47d2d5704f25ace3596269c92"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s11 (first ownership, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-company",
   "answer_text": "the company",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer is the first owner of any copyright in the work subject to any agreement to the contrary.",
   "text_sha256": "e1b10366ea7821c3e9f50c97ec3bb359eab602e47d2d5704f25ace3596269c92"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s11 (first ownership, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 11",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "Where a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work [F1, or a film,] is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer is the first owner of any copyright in the work subject to any agreement to the contrary.",
   "text_sha256": "e1b10366ea7821c3e9f50c97ec3bb359eab602e47d2d5704f25ace3596269c92"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s3A (databases)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Section 3A.",
   "text_sha256": "5ee5366c460af6baac46a028ccb6ff398e30242f542bc2b7477c8ff6ca847e20"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s3A (databases)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "not-stated",
   "answer_text": "not stated",
   "status": "not-stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-08, 4,793 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "5ee5366c460af6baac46a028ccb6ff398e30242f542bc2b7477c8ff6ca847e20"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s3A (databases)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "not-stated",
   "answer_text": "not stated",
   "status": "not-stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-08, 4,793 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "5ee5366c460af6baac46a028ccb6ff398e30242f542bc2b7477c8ff6ca847e20"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s3A (databases)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 3A",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "For the purposes of this Part a literary work consisting of a database is original if…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "For the purposes of this Part a literary work consisting of a database is original if, and only if, by reason of the selection or arrangement of the contents of the database the database constitutes the author’s own intellectual creation.",
   "text_sha256": "5ee5366c460af6baac46a028ccb6ff398e30242f542bc2b7477c8ff6ca847e20"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s90 (assignment in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Section 90.",
   "text_sha256": "41340d9e7618d2270c113f4d107791882583cfacea0be8e2519d75774b126a0b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s90 (assignment in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "transfer",
   "answer_text": "a transfer of the rights",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "Copyright is transmissible by assignment, by testamentary disposition or by operation of law, as personal or moveable property.",
   "text_sha256": "41340d9e7618d2270c113f4d107791882583cfacea0be8e2519d75774b126a0b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s90 (assignment in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-assignee",
   "answer_text": "whoever the rights are assigned to in writing",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "An assignment of copyright is not effective unless it is in writing signed by or on behalf of the assignor.",
   "text_sha256": "41340d9e7618d2270c113f4d107791882583cfacea0be8e2519d75774b126a0b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "CDPA 1988 s90 (assignment in writing)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
   "document": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, section 90",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "An assignment of copyright is not effective unless it is in writing signed by or on…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "An assignment of copyright is not effective unless it is in writing signed by or on behalf of the assignor.",
   "text_sha256": "41340d9e7618d2270c113f4d107791882583cfacea0be8e2519d75774b126a0b"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1012 (bona vacantia)",
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   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
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   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
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   "quote": "Companies Act 2006, Section 1012 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 28 October 2026.",
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  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1012 (bona vacantia)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1012",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "dissolution",
   "answer_text": "the company is dissolved",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "When a company is dissolved, all property and rights whatsoever vested in or held on trust for the company immediately before its dissolution (including leasehold property, but not including property held by the company on trust for another person) are deemed to be bona vacantia and—",
   "text_sha256": "9fba063b87cb3200576c1310c1ef50622035af603c7c71ae39bf34c3f8e73643"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1012 (bona vacantia)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1012",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-crown",
   "answer_text": "the Crown",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "accordingly belong to the Crown, or to the Duchy of Lancaster or to the Duke of Cornwall for the time being (as the case may be), and",
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  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1012 (bona vacantia)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1012",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1012",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "When a company is dissolved, all property and rights whatsoever vested in or held on……",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "When a company is dissolved, all property and rights whatsoever vested in or held on trust for the company immediately before its dissolution (including leasehold property, but not including property held by the company on trust for another person) are deemed to be bona vacantia and—",
   "text_sha256": "9fba063b87cb3200576c1310c1ef50622035af603c7c71ae39bf34c3f8e73643"
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  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1029 (restoration application)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1029",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "Companies Act 2006, Section 1029 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 28 October 2026.",
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   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1029 (restoration application)",
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   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "dissolution",
   "answer_text": "the company is dissolved",
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   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "An application may be made to the court to restore to the register a company—",
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  },
  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1029 (restoration application)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1029",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "not-stated",
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   "status": "not-stated",
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   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-28, 7,545 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "e2117ebdc738096ed723e79e33cf556a5e03dff027cf8cc9214ef4e7ad86d4f8"
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   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1029 (restoration application)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1029",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1029",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "An application may be made to the court to restore to the register a company…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "An application may be made to the court to restore to the register a company—",
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  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1032 (effect of restoration)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "Companies Act 2006, Section 1032 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 28 October 2026.",
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  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1032 (effect of restoration)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "dissolution",
   "answer_text": "the company is dissolved",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the company is deemed to have continued in existence as if it had not been dissolved or struck off the register.",
   "text_sha256": "52ae3fabede957c0bb3a7f3e14806c4d9169c22cc38bb9aaca35e6515128d461"
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  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1032 (effect of restoration)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-company",
   "answer_text": "the company",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the company is deemed to have continued in existence as if it had not been dissolved or struck off the register.",
   "text_sha256": "52ae3fabede957c0bb3a7f3e14806c4d9169c22cc38bb9aaca35e6515128d461"
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  {
   "subject": "Companies Act 2006 s1032 (effect of restoration)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/section/1032",
   "document": "Companies Act 2006, section 1032",
   "question": "rule",
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   "answer_text": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28",
   "quote": "The general effect of an order by the court for restoration to the register is that the company is deemed to have continued in existence as if it had not been dissolved or struck off the register.",
   "text_sha256": "52ae3fabede957c0bb3a7f3e14806c4d9169c22cc38bb9aaca35e6515128d461"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 14 (maker, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
   "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for The Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, Section 14.",
   "text_sha256": "c9a63c7eefd03502eda148f995b9f6cbac472d24022c9b36b3b6c8dea4ea50a4"
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  {
   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 14 (maker, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
   "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "made-by-staff",
   "answer_text": "a work or database made by staff",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer shall be regarded as the maker of the database, subject to any agreement to the contrary.",
   "text_sha256": "c9a63c7eefd03502eda148f995b9f6cbac472d24022c9b36b3b6c8dea4ea50a4"
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  {
   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 14 (maker, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
   "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-company",
   "answer_text": "the company",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer shall be regarded as the maker of the database, subject to any agreement to the contrary.",
   "text_sha256": "c9a63c7eefd03502eda148f995b9f6cbac472d24022c9b36b3b6c8dea4ea50a4"
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  {
   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 14 (maker, employer)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
   "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 14",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "(2) Where a database is made by an employee in the course of his employment, his employer shall be regarded as the maker of the database, subject to any agreement to the contrary.",
   "text_sha256": "c9a63c7eefd03502eda148f995b9f6cbac472d24022c9b36b3b6c8dea4ea50a4"
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  {
   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 17 (15-year term)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/17",
   "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 17",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-27",
   "quote": "There are currently no known outstanding effects for The Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, Section 17.",
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  {
   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 17 (15-year term)",
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   "quote": "17.—(1) Database right in a database expires at the end of the period of fifteen years from the end of the calendar year in which the making of the database was completed.",
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   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 17 (15-year term)",
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   "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 17",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "not-stated",
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  {
   "subject": "Databases Regulations 1997 reg 17 (15-year term)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/17",
   "document": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, regulation 17",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "17.…",
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   "quote": "17.—(1) Database right in a database expires at the end of the period of fifteen years from the end of the calendar year in which the making of the database was completed.",
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  {
   "subject": "Delaware 8 Del. C. 278 (continuation after dissolution)",
   "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
   "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
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   "quote": "Subchapter X. Sale of Assets, Dissolution and Winding Up",
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   "subject": "Delaware 8 Del. C. 278 (continuation after dissolution)",
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   "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "dissolution",
   "answer_text": "the company is dissolved",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved, shall nevertheless be continued, for the term of 3 years from such expiration or dissolution or for such longer period as the Court of Chancery shall in its discretion direct, bodies corporate for the purpose of prosecuting and defending suits, whether civil, criminal or administrative, by or against them, and of enabling them gradually to settle and close their business, to dispose of and convey their property, to discharge their liabilities and to distribute to their stockholders any remaining assets, but not for the purpose of continuing the business for which the corporation was organized.",
   "text_sha256": "dcc6b4761d410727d52c6189143c2e963166c51c13f1c8ffb8d5bd3891a8197a"
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  {
   "subject": "Delaware 8 Del. C. 278 (continuation after dissolution)",
   "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
   "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-company",
   "answer_text": "the company",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved, shall nevertheless be continued, for the term of 3 years from such expiration or dissolution or for such longer period as the Court of Chancery shall in its discretion direct, bodies corporate for the purpose of prosecuting and defending suits, whether civil, criminal or administrative, by or against them, and of enabling them gradually to settle and close their business, to dispose of and convey their property, to discharge their liabilities and to distribute to their stockholders any remaining assets, but not for the purpose of continuing the business for which the corporation was organized.",
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  },
  {
   "subject": "Delaware 8 Del. C. 278 (continuation after dissolution)",
   "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
   "document": "Delaware Code title 8, chapter 1, subchapter X",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved…",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "All corporations, whether they expire by their own limitation or are otherwise dissolved, shall nevertheless be continued, for the term of 3 years from such expiration or dissolution or for such longer period as the Court of Chancery shall in its discretion direct, bodies corporate for the purpose of prosecuting and defending suits, whether civil, criminal or administrative, by or against them, and of enabling them gradually to settle and close their business, to dispose of and convey their property, to discharge their liabilities and to distribute to their stockholders any remaining assets, but not for the purpose of continuing the business for which the corporation was organized.",
   "text_sha256": "dcc6b4761d410727d52c6189143c2e963166c51c13f1c8ffb8d5bd3891a8197a"
  },
  {
   "subject": "Insolvency Act 1986 s436 (meaning of property)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
   "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "gb",
   "answer_text": "the United Kingdom",
   "status": "stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "Insolvency Act 1986, Section 436 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 07 October 2026.",
   "text_sha256": "8ffdfd1dc854a8867c7feeb58009d75152d4f8b69ddfc2244f00433d68f3b6e4"
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  {
   "subject": "Insolvency Act 1986 s436 (meaning of property)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
   "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "insolvency",
   "answer_text": "the company is insolvent or bankrupt",
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   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "in winding up, the liquidator of an insolvent partnership or corporate member; and",
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  {
   "subject": "Insolvency Act 1986 s436 (meaning of property)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
   "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "not-stated",
   "answer_text": "not stated",
   "status": "not-stated",
   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "The page is silent here; it was read in full on 2026-10-08, 23,491 characters long.",
   "text_sha256": "8ffdfd1dc854a8867c7feeb58009d75152d4f8b69ddfc2244f00433d68f3b6e4"
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   "subject": "Insolvency Act 1986 s436 (meaning of property)",
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
   "document": "Insolvency Act 1986, section 436",
   "question": "rule",
   "answer": "stated",
   "answer_text": "includes money, goods, things in action, land and every description of property wherever…",
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   "quote": "includes money, goods, things in action, land and every description of property wherever situated and also obligations and every description of interest, whether present or future or vested or contingent, arising out of, or incidental to, property;",
   "text_sha256": "8ffdfd1dc854a8867c7feeb58009d75152d4f8b69ddfc2244f00433d68f3b6e4"
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  {
   "subject": "US Copyright Office Circular 30 (works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
   "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
   "question": "jurisdiction",
   "answer": "us",
   "answer_text": "the United States",
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   "quote": "To register a work with the U.S. Copyright Office, you gener -",
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  {
   "subject": "US Copyright Office Circular 30 (works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
   "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
   "question": "event",
   "answer": "made-by-staff",
   "answer_text": "a work or database made by staff",
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   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or commissioned that work is the initial owner of the copyright in the work unless the employer or the commissioning party has signed a written agreement to the contrary with the work’s creator.",
   "text_sha256": "12317fd356057c1eb8c378023e4208eb73ca17a627f92720e8e7d30193ca44e7"
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  {
   "subject": "US Copyright Office Circular 30 (works made for hire)",
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
   "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
   "question": "owner",
   "answer": "the-company",
   "answer_text": "the company",
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   "retrieved_at": "2026-10-08",
   "quote": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or commissioned that work is the initial owner of the copyright in the work unless the employer or the commissioning party has signed a written agreement to the contrary with the work’s creator.",
   "text_sha256": "12317fd356057c1eb8c378023e4208eb73ca17a627f92720e8e7d30193ca44e7"
  },
  {
   "subject": "US Copyright Office Circular 30 (works made for hire)",
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   "document": "Circular 30, Works Made for Hire",
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   "answer_text": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or…",
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   "quote": "If a work is made for hire, the employer or the party that specially ordered or commissioned that work is the initial owner of the copyright in the work unless the employer or the commissioning party has signed a written agreement to the contrary with the work’s creator.",
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   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
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  {
   "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/bona-vacantia",
   "label": "GOV.UK, Bona Vacantia (Government Legal Department)",
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   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/45/section/436",
   "label": "Insolvency Act 1986, s436 (expressions used generally, 'property')",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
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  {
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/11",
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  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/90",
   "label": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, s90 (assignment must be in writing)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "primary-government",
   "status": "read"
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  {
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/3A",
   "label": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, s3A (databases)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "primary-government",
   "status": "read"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/14",
   "label": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, reg 14 (maker of a database; employer)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "primary-government",
   "status": "read"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/3032/regulation/17",
   "label": "Copyright and Rights in Databases Regulations 1997, reg 17 (term of database right: 15 years)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "primary-government",
   "status": "read"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html",
   "label": "US Copyright Office, Title 17 chapter 2 (copyright ownership and transfer)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "primary-government",
   "status": "read"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap3.html",
   "label": "US Copyright Office, Title 17 chapter 3 (duration of copyright)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "primary-government",
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  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ30.pdf",
   "label": "US Copyright Office, Circular 30: Works Made for Hire",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "primary-government",
   "status": "read"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/101",
   "label": "17 U.S.C. 101, definitions ('work made for hire') (Cornell LII)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "secondary",
   "status": "read"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/201",
   "label": "17 U.S.C. 201, ownership of copyright (Cornell LII)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "secondary",
   "status": "read"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/204",
   "label": "17 U.S.C. 204, execution of transfers (Cornell LII)",
   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "secondary",
   "status": "read"
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  {
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   "class": "secondary",
   "status": "read"
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   "license": "from the publisher's own statutes and the authorities' own pages; reproduced for comment",
   "class": "secondary",
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  },
  {
   "url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title8/c001/sc10/index.html",
   "label": "Delaware Code title 8, subchapter X (dissolution; s278 continuation for winding up)",
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 ],
 "methodology": "Each rule's own statutes and the authorities' own pages were read through estate-fetch and stored whole (sha256 on every row). For every page, four questions were answered from its own words: whose law it is, when the rule bites, who it says holds the archive, the rule, in its own words. Every stated answer carries the sentence it rests on, checked against the stored text; 'not stated' means the page read does not address the question. A rule with several pages reads 'varies' where they disagree. 18 rules, 19 pages.",
 "embed": "<figure style=\"margin:0;padding:16px;border:1px solid #d0d0d0;background:#ffffff\"><blockquote style=\"margin:0 0 8px;background:#ffffff\">18 US and UK rules on who owns what a company archive holds and what becomes of it when the company closes, each quoted from the statute, read 28 October 2026.</blockquote><figcaption style=\"background:#ffffff\"><a href=\"https://sellcompanyarchivetoai.com/datasets/company-archive-ownership-law/\" style=\"background:#ffffff\">Who owns a company archive, and where it goes at closure, sellcompanyarchivetoai.com</a></figcaption></figure>"
}